Telecommunication vocabulary

TELECOMMUNICATION VOCABULARY

The voip24sklep.pl team has created a dictionary of professional phrases especially for you, often describing the function of telecommunications equipment. If there is an incomprehensible phrase in the product description, here by pressing ctrl + F and entering the word you are looking for you will find the answer.

 

A

 

ACC (Alarm Casual Call) it is a wake-up service. It works once - the telephone exchange automatically sends a ringing tone at a predetermined time.

ACRP (Alarm Call Repeated Programmed) it is a wake-up service. Works repeatedly - the telephone exchange automatically sends a ringing tone on a predefined date and time.

IP address it is a number unique in the world that each computer connected to the Internet has.

ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology for the implementation of data transmission. It is most often used to provide broadband Internet access. Its main feature is the lack of symmetry of the link throughput: data transmission from the network to the client (downstream) is usually ten times higher than in the direction of data transmission from the client to the network (upstream). This approach results from the fact that the client mainly downloads data from the network and sends a much smaller part to the network.

AOC (Advice Of Charge) this is information about the cost of the call.

AOCD (Advice Of Charge During the call) this is information about the cost of the call communicated during the duration.

AOCE (Advice Of Charge at the End of the call) this is information about the cost of the call communicated after its end.

AOCS (Advice Of Charge at the Start of the call) this is information about the cost of the call communicated when the call is starting.

Approval certificate it is a permit for the sale and use of a given telecommunications device within the territory of the country, granted by an institution authorized to do so in a given country. It is a document confirming the compliance of the solutions used in a given device with the applicable standards.

ARS (Automatic Route Selection) it is a service in PABX exchanges that allows you to automatically select the connection route (given telephone line), which is currently the cheapest. For example, a local call between 08.00am-6.00pm is the cheapest with operator 1, so the PABX exchange uses its network to provide this connection, and between 6.00pm and 08.00am it is the cheapest for operator 2, so during these hours the PABX exchange makes calls through the second operator's network. Of course, at what times are the connections made which the telephone exchange "knows" due to the fact that it has been appropriately programmed by the operator.

ASR (Automated Speech Recognition) it is a function used in telecommunication and ICT systems that allows to recognize speech or specific words and thus issuing specific commands to computer systems. This feature allows the construction of systems of impersonal customer service.

 

B

Bajt (Byte) it is a single piece of information made up of eight bits, such as a letter or a number. It is marked with the letter "B". In practice (eg file size) it is given as an appropriate multiple of a byte, ie KB, MB or GB.

Billing is a detailed list of connections made available by operators in the form of a hard copy (usually paid) or in electronic form - on diskette or CD-type carriers, or on-line via the Internet.

bit (binary digit) it is the basic and smallest unit of information presented as zero or one and denoted by the letter "b". For a given device, e.g. a computer, this information means that no current flows (0) or that flow (1) in a given electric circuit. By transmitting two bits, 4 different states can be described: 00, 01, 10 and 11, which means that a given device can "receive" and process 4 different information. It has been assumed that the information standard is to use eight bits that make up a byte, and this already makes it possible to send and describe 256 different pieces of information.

Bluetooth is a technology of wireless voice transmission (e.g. in sets for mobile phones) and data (e.g. communication between computers), which enables transmission at a speed of up to 1 Mbit / s over a distance of 10 to 100 meters.

bps lub b/s (bit per second) it is a unit that measures the amount of data transferred in one second between two devices (literally translated bits per second). In practice, larger units of measurement are used to determine the amount of data transferred (in other words, data transfer speed, e.g. in a broadband connection): kiloBytes per second (1 kbps = 1024 bps), MegaBytes per second (1 Mbps = 1024 kbps), GigaBytes per second (1 Gbps = 1024 Mbps).

BTS (Base Transceiver Station) it is a final receiving and transmitting station in GSM cellular networks, connecting mobile terminals (telephones) with the fixed part of the digital telecommunications network. In other words, it is the interface that connects the central office of the mobile network to the mobile phone. The mobile phone uses the signal of the base station with the strongest signal at the given location.

 

C

CFNR (Call Forwarding No Reply) this is a call forwarding when the handset is not picked up – if the call is not answered after a specified time, it is redirected to another telephone number of your choice (landline or mobile).

CFR (Call Forwarding Resctriction) it is a blockade that allows you to prevent a redirection to your phone number.

CFU (Call Forwarding Unconditional) it is an immediate redirection of incoming calls to any other telephone number (landline or mobile).

CIR (Committed Information Rate) it is a parameter that specifies the minimum guaranteed binary bit rate of the data transmission link (mainly used in Frame Relay networks).

CLIP (Calling Line Identification Presentation) is a service consisting in presenting the number of the person calling you on the display of your telephone (or a special telephone adapter). The service is provided by fixed and mobile networks.

CLIR (Calling Line Identification Restriction) is a service consisting in blocking the presentation of your telephone number - when calling another person, your number will not be displayed, even if the person you are calling has the CLIP service enabled. The service is provided by both fixed and mobile network operators.

CLIRO (Calling Line Identification Restriction Override) it is a service consisting in ignoring the blockade of presenting the number of the subscriber calling to a given number - the number will be displayed even though the calling person has the CLIR service enabled.

COLP (Connected Line Indentification Presentation) it is a service consisting in presenting the telephone number from which the call is actually made – the service matters when we receive calls from the number from which the call is redirected to our number.

COLR (Connected Line Indentification Restriction) – it is a service that blocks the presentation of a telephone number, from which the call is actually made, via the forwarding number.

COLRO (Connected Line Indentification Restriction Override) it is a service that ignores the presentation block of the telephone number from which the call is actually made – the number will be displayed even though the caller has COLR turned on.

CONF (Conference Calling) it is a conference call that allows you to have a simultaneous conversation with two people - a three-party call or multiple people in the case of ISDN networks.

CT (Call Transfer) it is a service that allows you to transfer an accepted call to another person.

CW (Call Waiting) it is information about the waiting call - during the call, the subscriber is informed by a signal in his receiver that someone else is trying to call him (someone is waiting for a call). After receiving such a signal, the subscriber may reject the new incoming call, disconnect the currently ongoing call and answer the waiting call, answer the waiting call while holding the ongoing call (CH).

 

D

DDI (Direct Dialling In) it is a service used in PABX exchanges, consisting in the possibility of direct calling the PABX extension numbers without the participation of an intermediary, e.g. a telephone operator – each user of the PABX exchange has his own external number, which is created in the PABX exchange, based on the numbering purchased from the given operator. The minimum number of numbers provided by the operator is 10, which means that 10 internal users may have external numbers.

DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telephony) it is a digital wireless telephony standard using the 1880 - 1900 MHz band. It works over short distances, using 10 radio channels to establish connections between the telephone network connected to the base station of the system and portable handsets. Channels can be duplicated by using TDMA time multiplexing, thanks to which the system can handle up to 120 subscribers at the same time.

DISA (Direct Inward System Access) is a service available in PABX exchanges, consisting in the possibility of activating a verbal announcement, in which there is information about which extension number to dial (only from a tone dial telephone) in order to call the right person or place in the company. For example, the announcement may be: You have reached the XXX company, dial the internal number: commercial department 10, service 11, fax 12 or wait for the telephone operator to answer.

This solution is not very advantageous for the caller, because the caller pays for the time during which the announcement is heard and for the waiting time for connection to a given number indicated in the announcement.

DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) is an organization supporting the compatibility of wired and wireless consumer electronics devices. DLNA technology enables the creation of a home environment where electronic devices from different manufacturers interact, providing a common connectivity platform for various multimedia.

DND (Do Not Disturb) this is an incoming call barring – if the subscriber does not want to be disturbed, after activating this service all calls will be rejected and the caller will hear the busy signal.

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology that enables the implementation of broadband data transmission on an analog POTS telephone line. Most often used in the Internet access service. This technology covers the entire family of broadband data transmission services, including the following technologies: ADSL, HDSL, IDSL, RADSL, SDSL, SHDSL, UDSL, VDSL (generally xDSL, where x is replaced with the appropriate letters).

DSS1(Digital Subscriber Signaling System No. 1) it is a subscriber signaling standard implemented over the D channel in ISDN telephony networks.

DTMF(Dual Tone Multi Frequency) it is the name of the multi-tone signaling used in telephone devices with a push-button keypad. Each numeric button is assigned simultaneously two acoustic frequencies, the components of which, after pressing a given button, are sent to the device on the other side of the line (e.g. to a telephone exchange to connect to another subscriber).

 

E 

E1 It is a European standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 2.048 Mbit/s with the use of G.703 and G.704 interfaces. It includes 32,64 kbit/s channels (30 voice channels and 2 signaling channels).

E2 it is a European standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 8.448 Mbit /s. It includes 128,64 kbit/s voice channels.

E3 it is a European standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 34.368 Mbit /s, i.e. 16 E1 lines. Includes 512,64 kbit/s voice channels.

E4 it is a European standard for data transmission with a total bit rate of 139.26 Mbit/s, i.e. 4 E3 streams.

E5 It is a European standard for data transmission with a total bit rate of 565.148 Mbit/s, i.e. 4 E4 streams.

EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution) it is a technology of packet data transmission in cellular networks (e.g. Internet access from a laptop via an appropriate modem), enabling transmission speeds of up to 400 kbit/s.

EHS (Electronic Hook Switch) is the device that connects the telephone to the headset. Can be used with headphones using DECT and Bluetooth technology. Allows you to control calls from the headset level: answer, end, call signaling

EIR (Excess Information Rate) this is an additional binary bit rate available at the moment on the data link, above the bit rate that has been guaranteed for this link, but must not be exceeded. It is always greater than the CIR.

Ethernet it is the most popular technical solution (standardized according to the IEEE 802.3 specification) used in data transmission networks to connect computers into local LAN networks. The basic medium used to build a data transmission network is a twisted copper cable, it uses the CSMA/CD protocol. In Ethernet networks, the data rate is usually 10 or 100 Mbit/s, but there are also other data transmission rates:

• Ethernet 10 Mb/s (Thin Ethernet, 10Base2, 10Base5, 10BaseT, 10Broad36, 10BaseF),

• Ethernet 100 Mb/s (Fast Ethernet, 100BaseT, 100BaseX, 100VG-AnyLAN),

• Ethernet 1000 Mb/s (Gigabit Ethernet),

• Ethernet 10 Gb/s (Ten Gigabit Ethernet).

ETSI(European Telecommunication Standards Institute) is an international organization that develops, creates and approves norms and standards in the field of telecommunications.

ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) The European Telecommunications Standards Institute is an independent standardization organization for the telecommunications market in the area of developing standards for services, equipment and networks. It has about 300 members, which are telecommunications operators, equipment suppliers and administrative and regulatory organizations of European countries.

European emergency number 112 is the uniform emergency number for all European Union countries. In the event of a threat to health, life or property, people who reside throughout the EU by dialing 112 have a guarantee of connecting to the emergency services called to provide help. One of the important elements accelerating the activities of emergency services is the fact that they have information about the location of the caller.

 

 

F

Ferrulait is a ceramic or plastic sleeve located in detachable optical connectors with a diameter of 2.5 mm (in 1.25 mm SFF connectors) which protects the optical fiber against mechanical damage and helps in the correct and most accurate alignment of the faces of the connected sections of optical fibers.

Frame Relay it is a service that enables the construction of a virtual private network based on data transmission networks. This network works on the principle of packet switching (switching), it is built on the basis of dedicated PVC channels. PVC channels connect two devices that transmit data between two locations (point-point). In these networks, the CIR parameter is always set, thanks to which data transmission is carried out with the previously established guarantee of quality and reliability.

FXO (Foreign Exchange Office) it is a port that allows you to receive a signal from the telephone network (continuous tone and intermittent tones heard later in the handset). To this port we connect for example a traditional, analog telephone line of the PSTN network, in order to obtain a signal from the analog network in the telephone connected to the gateway (e.g. if the Internet does not work and you cannot make VoIP calls, you can make calls via the traditional PSTN telephone network) or to be able to answer the phone if someone calls you on the analog network. Type of socket and plug RJ 11.

FXS(Foreign Exchange Station) it is a port for connecting an analog telephone. Generally speaking, this port sends a telephone signal to the telephone (continuous tone and intermittent tones heard through the handset). We connect a telephone to this port to be able to talk and receive phone calls or receive and send faxes. Type of socket and plug RJ 11.

 

 

G

G.703 it is a standard teletransmission interface, commonly used in telecommunications.

GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) it is a technology in mobile telephony that allows sending and receiving data in the form of packets at a speed of up to 115 kbit/s. This technology made it possible to introduce charges depending on the amount of data sent and received and independent of the duration of the connection.

GPS (Global Positioning System) it is a satellite system that enables the transmission of information about the location of any objects on Earth - the system determines the latitude and longitude with an accuracy of up to 3mm, based on measurements made at the same time from 3 artificial satellites of the Earth.

GSM (Global System for Mobile Comunication) it is a standard for the technology used in cellular telephony for calling (voice), data (Internet access), and multimedia and text messages.

  

H 

HDSL (High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology that enables the construction of symmetrical connections for data transmission on traditional copper pairs in telephone cables. Such lines have a capacity of 2 Mbit / s and are set up on one, two or three copper pairs, depending on the type of modems used to build such a link. The most commonly used interfaces in modems are G.703 or V.35.

HL (Hot Line) this is the so-called hotline – If no number is dialed after picking up the handset, the person lifting the handset will be automatically connected to a predefined telephone number (e.g. emergency number).

HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is a mobile technology used in networks of cellular operators, which allows downloading data to a computer from the network at a speed of up to 7.2 Mb/s

HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) - The inherent advantage of this solution is that HSPA technology is a natural extension of the existing WCDMA / GSM networks, or about 85 percent of the existing wireless networks in the world. As a result, it has the potential to serve large numbers of wireless users, creating a mass market for mobile broadband networks. It is predicted that by 2010, 71 percent of mobile broadband connections should be based on HSPA technology. Users will be able to download data on average 20 times faster than when using a GSM / GPRS connection. In the next steps of the HSPA evolution, the download speed will be increased to 42Mbps and the upload speed to 12Mps.

HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) is a mobile technology used in cellular networks that allows sending data from a computer to the network at speeds up to 1.9 Mb / s, which is more than five times greater than that achieved in 3G networks

 

 

 

I

IDSL (ISDN-like DSL) it is an ISDN simulation technology employing the 2B1Q coding technique used in ISDN links. It enables data transfer at 144 or 128 Kbit / s in both directions.

IIFC (Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls) it is a service that rejects incoming calls that come from forwarding.

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) it is a digital telephone network enabling the implementation of many different services, built on the basis of digital telephone exchanges. It enables the transmission of sounds, images and data at a speed of n x 64kbit/s. We distinguish access based on two 64 kbit / s traffic channels - ISDN 2B + D (or otherwise ISDN BRA, ISDN BRI) and access based on thirty 64 kbit / s traffic channels - ISDN 30B + D (or ISDN PRA, ISDN PRI), where B means one 64 kbit / s channel, and D a signaling channel (16 kbit / s for BRA and 64 kbit / s for PRA).

ISP (Internet Service Provider) is the name of the company that provides Internet access services to end customers (these providers are often referred to as Broadband Providers). These companies, when providing Internet access services, may be owners of their own networks (cable, fiber optic, radio) on the basis of which they provide services or lease appropriate infrastructure from other companies.

IVR (Interactive Voice Response) it is a system that enables interactive service of a caller, e.g. to a company. This system allows you to create a menu by playing pre-recorded voice messages to the caller and selecting the appropriate items using the keypad of a telephone set with tone or voice dialing. IVR makes it possible to replace the person answering phones and switching people calling to the appropriate departments or people in the company with a system of automatic selection of the place where the caller wants to reach a given company, e.g. complaint service, information about products.

 

  

J 

Jitter- These are uneven delays in the transmission of voice packets (in time) in the IP network, resulting in uneven reception by applications (or devices) converting them into an analog signal heard in the handset. The reason for these unevenness is the simultaneous transmission of packets from different applications via the same transmission medium. In extreme cases, increased jitter leads to interruptions in voice transmission. In order to reduce the jitter phenomenon, buffers are used, they enable waiting for late or retransmitted voice packets.

 

  

L 

LAN (Local Area Network) it is a local computer network, covering a small area, e.g. a building, company premises. The Ethernet standard is most often used in these networks.

LLU (Local loop unbundling ) is access to the local subscriber loop, enabling the provision of unlimited broadband and voice services to customers using analog telephone lines owned by TPSA.

LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution System ) it is an asymmetric, broadband radio communication technology that enables, inter alia, for wireless internet access. For transmission, it uses the radio band with a frequency of 26-29 GHz, enabling data transmission with a speed of up to 155 Mb/s.

LTE (Long Term Evolution) - is a technology that allows for wireless data transmission at speeds of up to 300 Mb/s.It enables the widespread use of advanced services, such as interactive television, new forms of entertainment or professional solutions for business. Its commercial launch is scheduled for 2009. According to specialists from Ericsson, LTE will be the basic standard for 4G networks and will become a natural successor to technologies that have already been successful on the market, i.e. GSM/WCDMA/HSPA.

 

 

M

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) it is an urban network that forms the core of other networks, creating a backbone network with a range of up to 100 km. Built on the basis of fiber optic cables.

MCI (Malicious Call Identification) it is a service that allows you to register malicious calls.

MDF (Main Distribution Frame) it is a cable distribution box, created on the basis of terminal blocks, which are used to cross (connect) individual copper pairs in cables and between cables. An example is connecting cables leading out of telephone signals from a city exchange with cables leading to customers (subscribers).

MIR (Maximal Information Rate) it is the maximum achievable data link throughput.

MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) it is a technology that enables packet routing in IP networks based on the technique of data packet labeling (each data packet is accompanied by an additional piece of information - a label). On the basis of the labels read by routers in the network, appropriate routing of packets from their senders to their recipients takes place.

It is a technology implemented in modern Internet networks that allows to create comprehensive solutions with significant possibilities in terms of bandwidth, scalability and security. The high quality of services is ensured by the guarantees of transmission parameters. The division of traffic into different service classes (CoS - Class of Service) and the possibility of assigning them appropriate importance in the operator's network gives an additional guarantee that business-critical data will be treated with a higher priority than less critical data.

MSN (Multiple Subscriber Number) it is a service that allows ISDN subscribers to assign several telephone numbers to the main number (service used in ISDN BRA - maximum 8 MSNs).

MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator) is an operator that does not have its own network and network infrastructure, and uses the networks of existing operators to provide its own services.

 

 

N

NAT (Network Address Translation) it is a technique of addressing resources (devices) in the LAN, consisting in dynamic replacement of the real public network address that has been assigned to a given edge device connected to the Internet (e.g. a router)and replacing it with other network addresses from the numbering pool of the so-called private addresses, which are broadcast to devices (e.g. computers) connected to that edge device (router). In other words, a public address is translated into private addresses so that computers or other devices on the private network are not directly visible on the Internet.

NDS network access number.

NT (Network Terminal) it is a kind of a network terminal terminating a link connected to a client, e.g. an ISDN line.

 

O

OCB (Outgoing Call Barring) it is a limitation of the possibility of making some types of outgoing calls, e.g. to 0700 (audiotext), international, etc.

 

 

P 

PABX (Private Automatic Branch Exchange) it is an automatic telephone exchange forming a telephone network in companies or institutions to which subscriber lines of the PSTN or ISDN type of the telecommunications operator are connected. VoIP gates (via analogue ports of the PBX) which enable making phone calls via the Internet can also be connected to the PABX telephone exchange.

Patchcord it is a standard length cable with standardized connectors on both sides, which is used to connect individual elements of telecommunications equipment.

Subscriber loop it is a pair of copper wires (two wires) connecting the operator's telephone exchange with the subscriber's telephone socket (subscriber's terminal).

PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) it is a method in telecommunications that allows you to convert an analog signal to a digital signal by modulating an analog signal (modulation of an analog signal such as voice and sound with a sampling signal - pulse code modulation). Thanks to it, the voice can be converted into digital pulses with a value of 0 and 1, from which bits and data bytes are created.

Pigtail it is fiber optic cable enden with a connector from only 1 side.

PoE (Power over Ethernet) it is a technology thanks to which it is not necessary to use an external power source in network devices (e.g. VoIP phones, access points, IP cameras). The devices are powered by connecting one LAN cable, which enables powering the network device and data transmission, thanks to which, in addition to simplifying the installation, it is possible to install devices in places where electric power supply is difficult or impossible.

Port it is the place where the customer's devices or network are physically connected to the operator's network.

POTS (Primary Old Telephone Services) it is a basic telephone service that allows for the implementation of analog telephone connections, the analogue line is often called this way, in which telephone calls are made in the 300 ÷ 3400 Hz band.

PPP (Point to Point Protocol) It is a standard point-to-point communication protocol on the Internet for establishing dial-up connections to the Internet.

Prefiks/Prefix it is a sequence of digits in the form 10XX or 10XXX (where X are any digits) identifying a given telecommunications operator.Telecommunications operators and telecommunications connections realized by customers of these operators are identified in telecommunications networks by the assigned prefix. In the official nomenclature, the prefix is referred to as the Network Access Number (NDS). Prefixes enable, in a sense, communication between customers and telecommunications networks (owned by telecommunications operators), In this case, the client indicates by means of a prefix the network of the operator of which the connection is to be made.

Preselection it is the choice of a telecommunications operator for local, long-distance and international calls from landlines, to mobile networks and dial-up. This selection is made at the request of the subscriber and is made at the operator's telephone exchange or the subscriber's exchange. This allows for the automatic omission of the 10XX or 10XXX prefix (where, X stands for any digits) when dialing the number by the subscriber - this prefix is added automatically by the telephone exchange.

PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) it is a public telephone network using circuit-switched technology (connecting callers to each other on telephone lines). This network automatically connects the calling channels between subscribers via telephone exchanges. Channel switching is performed within the PSTN network itself, with ISDN networks, with GSM (cellular) networks, and also with VoIP subscribers.

PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) it is a permanent virtual connection created in data networks for the transmission of data between two end devices.

Q 

QoS (Quality of Service) it is a mechanism that enables the prioritization of packets sent over the Internet. This mechanism is used in VoIP telephony to broadcast packets in which voice is encoded with higher priorities, in relation to packets containing only data – thanks to this, the telephone conversation can proceed without disturbances related, for example, to the time delays of transmitted voice-encoded packets.

 

 

R

RADSL(Rate-adaptive Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology enabling the implementation of broadband data transmission of variable speed, the maximum size of which is negotiated on an ongoing basis by communicating modems.

RJ 11 it is a standard telephone physical interface (plug, socket) having four contacts. It enables the connection of a telephone set with a handset, e.g. with a twisted cable, or a telephone set with a telephone socket.

RJ 45 it is a standard telephone physical interface (plug, socket) having eight contacts. Most often used in data transmission networks or ISDN. Popularly known as an Ethernet connector.

RS 232 it is an interface standard for data transmission, most often used for data exchange between a network device (modem, data buffer) and a terminal e.g. to program a given device or download data from it. This standard provides bit-by-bit serial transmission, either asynchronously or synchronously.

 

 

S 

SDSL (Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology that enables the construction of symmetrical data transmission links (bandwidth available from network to client is the same as from client towards network) on traditional copper pairs in telephone cables, but with a lower capacity than HDSL, but only on one pair of copper wires.

SHDSL (Symmetric High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology extending the SDSL technology, which allows transmission at 2.3 Mbit/s.

SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), it is a protocol (standard) in VoIP telephony that allows for setting up a connection between one or more users of an IP, PSTN or ISDN network. Among the protocols currently in use, SIP is the dominant protocol, gradually replacing the H.323 protocol.

Spliter is a device that enables simultaneous connection to the telephone line of the ADSL modem and the telephone.

SS7 (Signaling System No. 7) it is a type of signaling used in modern switching systems to exchange information between telephone exchanges. Signaling is carried out in dedicated channels that are set up between analog telephone networks, ISDN networks, GSM (cellular) networks, and IN networks (intelligent networks).

SUB (Subaddressing) this is the so-called subaddressing, which allows the called subscriber to be additionally addressed. With this service, it is possible to distinguish between terminals connected to one end of an ISDN network.

 

 

T 

T1 it is the American standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 1.544 Mbit/s. Corresponds to the European E1 standard.

T2 it is the American standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 6.312 Mbit/s. Corresponds to the European E2 standard.

T3 it is the American standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 44.736 Mbit / s. Corresponds to the European E3 standard.

T38 it is a protocol used in VoIP telephony that enables the transmission of faxes over IP (data transmission) networks.

T4 it is the American standard for data transmission with a bit rate of 274.176 Mbit/s.

 

 

U 

UDSL (Universal Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology that enables the implementation of symmetrical data transmission lines with one of the two bandwidths: 1 Mbit/s or 2 Mbit/s. The choice of bandwidth depends on the distance between the user and the link provider.

UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) it is a technology of packet data transmission in cellular networks, enabling transmission at speeds counted in Mbit/s – the equivalent of broadband connections in wired technology.

UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) - it is a technology that is the standard for devices to work together in a digital home environment and enables automatic device detection and remote control. These can be computers, printers, Internet routers and electronic household appliances connected to the network.

UPnP technology is independent of operating systems, programming languages and physical media, so it can be implemented in any IP networks, such as WLAN or cable Ethernet networks.

UUS (User to User) is a type of signaling that allows sending short text messages between ISDN network users.

 

 

V 

V.35 it is a type of interface that enables transmission with a bit rate of n x 64 kbit/s (maximum 2048 kbit/s).

VDSL (Very High Digital Subscriber Line) it is a technology that allows to increase the link capacity up to 52 Mbit/s towards the user and 2.3 Mb/s towards the network. Development of ADSL technology.

VoIP (Voice over IP) it is telephony that uses technologies that enable speech (sound) encoding and transmission over a packet-switched network (eg the Internet) to another user of that network or to a user of traditional telephony (analog or ISDN).

VPN (Virtual Private Network) it is a virtual private network created by companies and institutions on the basis of public networks such as the Internet, by creating access paths between end devices in which data can be compressed and encrypted. Provides access to internet and voice services. It is a separate part operating within the public network (operator's resources, Internet network). The recipients of VPN services are companies with several to several hundred branches, both in the country and abroad - in all key sectors of the economy. The VPN service is commonly used by companies with centralized IT systems in which the exchange of data between remote units and the headquarters must be carried out on a continuous basis. VPN creates a corporate network for the exchange of data between the Customer's branches. It enables remote access to: databases, systems and applications used in the company, the Internet, Intranet and Extranet. Additionally, it provides voice services.

 

 

W

WAN (World Area Network) it is a data transmission network with a global reach, such as the Internet. Such networks offer very different bit rates and interfaces.

WLAN (Wireless LAN) it is a local data transmission network implemented by radio using the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz band. These networks are designed in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 standard.

WLR (Wholesale Line Rental) – it is a wholesale access to the telecommunications network, operating on the interconnection services market.

 

  

X

xDSL it is the general name for the technology that enables data transmission. It is used in access networks based on cables with copper conductors. An example of devices from the xDSL family can be devices: ADSL, HDSL, IDSL, RADSL, SDSL, SHDSL, UDSL, VDSL.

 

 

Cyfry

2G it is a synonym for GSM mobile telephony, or second generation telephony.

3G is synonymous with UMTS mobile telephony, or third generation telephony.

802.11 it is a group of standards describing the method of access to the network using radio access. This standard covers several data rates using different frequencies:

• 802.11 transmission speed 1 and 2 Mbit/s, frequency band 2,4 GHz,

• 802.11a transmission speed 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 54 Mbit/s, frequency band 5,0 GHz,

• 802.11b transmission speed 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s, frequency band 2,4 GHz,

• 802.11g transmission speed 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 54 Mbit/s, frequency band 2,4 GHz,

• 802.11n transmission speed 100, 250 and 540 Mbit/s, frequency band 2,4 GHz.

up
Shop is in view mode
View full version of the site
Sklep internetowy Shoper Premium